Antenna port mode and transmission mode transition

ABSTRACT

A wireless communication device may autonomously transition from a multiple antenna port mode to a single antenna port mode. The wireless communication device may implicitly notify a base station about the autonomous transition from the multiple antenna port mode to the single antenna port mode. The base station may reallocate resources that were previously allocated to the wireless communication device but that are no longer being used by the wireless communication device. In some cases, the base station may configure the wireless communication device&#39;s antenna port mode via radio resource control signaling.

RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.14/697,356 entitled “Antenna Port Mode and Transmission ModeTransitions,” filed Apr. 27, 2015, which is a continuation of U.S.patent application Ser. No. 12/572,563 entitled “Antenna Port Mode andTransmission Mode Transitions,” filed Oct. 2, 2009, and now issued asU.S. Pat. No. 9,059,749, which are all hereby incorporated by referencein their entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present disclosure relates generally to wireless communicationsystems. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to antennaport mode and transmission mode transitions.

BACKGROUND

Wireless communication systems have become an important means by whichmany people worldwide have come to communicate. A wireless communicationsystem may provide communication for a number of wireless communicationdevices, each of which may be serviced by a base station.

A wireless communication device is an electronic device that may be usedfor voice and/or data communication over a wireless communicationsystem. A wireless communication device may alternatively be referred toas a mobile station, a user equipment, an access terminal, a subscriberstation, a mobile terminal, a remote station, a user terminal, aterminal, a subscriber unit, a mobile device, etc. A wirelesscommunication device may be a cellular phone, a smartphone, a personaldigital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, etc.

A base station is a fixed station (i.e., a wireless communicationstation that is installed at a fixed location) that communicates withwireless communication devices. A base station may alternatively bereferred to as an access point, a Node B, an evolved Node B (eNB), orsome other similar terminology.

The 3rd Generation Partnership Project, also referred to as “3GPP,” is acollaboration agreement that aims to define globally applicabletechnical specifications and technical reports for third and fourthgeneration wireless communication systems. The 3GPP may definespecifications for the next generation mobile networks, systems, anddevices.

3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE) is the name given to a project to improvethe Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) mobile phone ordevice standard to cope with future requirements. In one aspect, UMTShas been modified to provide support and specification for the EvolvedUniversal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) and Evolved UniversalTerrestrial Radio Access Network (E-UTRAN). LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) is thenext generation of LTE.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates a wireless communication system that includes awireless communication device in wireless electronic communication witha base station;

FIG. 2 illustrates a first example of how a wireless communicationdevice may transition between antenna port modes and transmission modes;

FIG. 3 illustrates a second example of how a wireless communicationdevice may transition between antenna port modes and transmission modes;

FIG. 4 illustrates an example showing how a wireless communicationdevice may implicitly notify a base station about an autonomoustransition from multiple antenna port mode to single antenna port mode;

FIG. 5 illustrates another example showing how a wireless communicationdevice may implicitly notify a base station about an autonomoustransition from multiple antenna port mode to single antenna port mode;

FIG. 6 illustrates a method whereby a wireless communication devicetransitions from multiple antenna port mode to single antenna port modebased on radio resource control (RRC) signaling;

FIG. 7 illustrates a method whereby a wireless communication devicetransitions from single antenna port mode to multiple antenna port modebased on RRC signaling;

FIG. 8 illustrates a method whereby a wireless communication device mayattempt to return to single antenna port mode after a defined timeperiod;

FIG. 9 illustrates a method whereby a wireless communication device maystop the autonomous transition to single antenna port mode under certaincircumstances;

FIG. 10 illustrates a method whereby a base station may reallocateresources after it detects that a wireless communication device hasautonomously transitioned from multiple antenna port mode to singleantenna port mode;

FIG. 11 illustrates a method whereby a base station may scheduletime/frequency resources and instruct modulation and coding schemelevels after it detects that a wireless communication device hasautonomously transitioned from multiple antenna port mode to singleantenna port mode;

FIG. 12 illustrates a method whereby a base station may configure awireless communication device to transition from multiple antenna portmode to single antenna port mode via RRC signaling;

FIG. 13 illustrates another method whereby a base station may configurea wireless communication device to transition from multiple antenna portmode to single antenna port mode via RRC signaling;

FIG. 14 illustrates a method whereby a base station may configure awireless communication device to transition from single antenna portmode to multiple antenna port mode via RRC signaling;

FIG. 15 illustrates another method whereby a base station may configurea wireless communication device to transition from single antenna portmode to multiple antenna port mode via RRC signaling;

FIG. 16 illustrates a method whereby a base station may configure awireless communication device to transition from single antenna portmode to multiple antenna port mode and then subsequently detect that thewireless communication device has autonomously transitioned back tosingle antenna port mode;

FIG. 17 illustrates an uplink power control procedure;

FIG. 18 illustrates additional details about one aspect of the uplinkpower control procedure illustrated in FIG. 17;

FIG. 19 illustrates additional details about another aspect of theuplink power control procedure illustrated in FIG. 17;

FIG. 20 illustrates an example of transmission power allocation beforethe step of determining whether to drop physical channels is performed;

FIG. 21 illustrates an example of transmission power allocation afterthe step of determining whether to drop physical channels is performed;

FIG. 22 illustrates an example of transmission power allocation for thetwo 20 dBm power amplifier configuration case;

FIG. 23 illustrates an example of transmission power allocation for thefour 17 dBm PA configuration case;

FIG. 24 illustrates an open-loop transmission diversity schemeimplemented as frequency selective transmission diversity (FSTD);

FIG. 25 illustrates an open-loop transmission diversity schemeimplemented as space-frequency block coding (SFBC);

FIG. 26 illustrates an open-loop transmission diversity schemeimplemented as cyclic delay diversity (CDD);

FIG. 27A illustrates an example of an antenna port weighting process;

FIG. 27B illustrates another example of an antenna port weightingprocess;

FIG. 28 illustrates one way that a base station can configure an antennaport weighting process parameter (x) to be used at the wirelesscommunication device;

FIG. 29 illustrates an example showing how a wireless communicationdevice may notify a base station that it has overwritten an antenna portweighting process parameter (x);

FIG. 30 illustrates another example showing how a wireless communicationdevice may notify a base station that it has overwritten an antenna portweighting process parameter (x);

FIG. 31 illustrates another example showing how a wireless communicationdevice may notify a base station that it has overwritten an antenna portweighting process parameter (x);

FIG. 32 illustrates various components that may be utilized in awireless communication device; and

FIG. 33 illustrates various components that may be utilized in a basestation.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

A method for antenna port mode and transmission mode state transitionsis disclosed. A wireless communication device autonomously transitionsfrom a multiple antenna port mode to a single antenna port mode. Thewireless communication device implicitly notifies a base station aboutthe autonomous transition or explicitly signals the transition from themultiple antenna port mode to the single antenna port mode.

To implicitly notify the base station about the autonomous transition,the wireless communication device may send a sounding reference signaltransmission on only one code even though multiple codes were allocatedto the wireless communication device. Alternatively, to implicitlynotify the base station about the autonomous transition, the wirelesscommunication device may use only one orthogonal resource for physicaluplink control channel transmission even though multiple orthogonalresources were allocated to the wireless communication device.Alternatively still, to implicitly notify the base station about theautonomous transition, the wireless communication device may transmit aphysical uplink shared channel signal on a single antenna.

The wireless communication device may return to the single antenna portmode a defined time period after being configured to the multipleantenna port mode by the base station. The wireless communication devicemay cease to autonomously transition to the multiple antenna port modeif a pattern of cycling between the base station instructing thewireless communication device to transition to the multiple antenna portmode and the wireless communication device autonomously transitioning tothe single antenna port mode happens a defined number of times.

The wireless communication device may be in a transmission diversitymode that utilizes an open-loop transmission diversity scheme. Theopen-loop transmission diversity scheme may be space-frequency blockcoding, space-time block coding, frequency selective transmit diversity,cyclic delay diversity, etc.

An antenna port weighting vector that is used at the wirelesscommunication device may depend on a parameter x. For example, theantenna port weighting vector may be either x or √{square root over(1−x²)}. The wireless communication device may autonomously transitionfrom the multiple antenna port mode to the single antenna port mode byautonomously selecting the value of x. The wireless communication devicemay autonomously select the value of x in order to transition to thesingle antenna port mode in response to the wireless communicationdevice observing a large antenna gain imbalance. Alternatively, thewireless communication device may autonomously select the value of x inorder to transition to the single antenna port mode in response to thewireless communication device determining that its current batterystatus is low.

The wireless communication device may perform an uplink transmissionpower control procedure in which the wireless communication device maydetermine a total transmission power for each component carrier, and thewireless communication device may allocate transmission power to eachantenna. In order to determine a total transmission power for eachcomponent carrier, the wireless communication device may determine atotal transmission power of PUCCH for each component carrier based onthe number of orthogonal resources allocated for PUCCH in each componentcarrier.

The uplink transmission power control procedure may also include thewireless communication device determining whether to drop at least onephysical channel. This may involve the wireless communication devicecomparing projected transmission power to maximum transmission power,and the wireless communication device dropping the at least one physicalchannel according to a defined priority of physical channels if theprojected transmission power exceeds the maximum transmission power.

The wireless communication device allocating transmission power to eachantenna may depend on whether the wireless communication device is inthe single antenna port mode or the multiple antenna port mode. Thewireless communication device allocating transmission power to eachantenna may depend on a power amplifier configuration of the wirelesscommunication device. The wireless communication device may allocatetransmission power to each antenna so as to keep total transmissionpower the same regardless of which precoding vector is applied inSU-MIMO transmission mode

A method for supporting antenna port mode and transmission mode statetransitions is disclosed. A base station detects a wirelesscommunication device's autonomous transition from a multiple antennaport mode to a single antenna port mode. The base station reallocatesresources that were previously allocated to the wireless communicationdevice but that are no longer being used by the wireless communicationdevice.

The base station may schedule time/frequency resources and instructmodulation and coding scheme levels assuming single input single outputtransmission. The base station may configure the wireless communicationdevice's antenna port mode via radio resource control signaling.

The wireless communication device may be in a transmission diversitymode that utilizes an open-loop transmission diversity scheme. Anantenna port weighting vector that is used at the wireless communicationdevice may depend on a parameter x. The base station may configure thewireless communication device's antenna port mode by setting the valueof x. This may involve the base station estimating an antenna gainimbalance at the wireless communication device. The base station maynotify the wireless communication device about the value of x via aphysical downlink control channel.

The base station may perform an uplink transmission power controlprocedure in which the base station determines total transmission powerfor each component carrier.

A wireless communication device is disclosed. The wireless communicationdevice includes a processor, memory in electronic communication with theprocessor, and instructions stored in the memory. The instructions areexecutable to autonomously transition from a multiple antenna port modeto a single antenna port mode, and to implicitly notify a base stationabout the autonomous transition or to explicitly signal the transitionfrom the multiple antenna port mode to the single antenna port mode.

A base station is disclosed. The base station includes a processor,memory in electronic communication with the processor, and instructionsstored in the memory. The instructions are executable to detect awireless communication device's autonomous transition from a multipleantenna port mode to a single antenna port mode, and to reallocateresources that were previously allocated to the wireless communicationdevice but that are no longer being used by the wireless communicationdevice.

At least some aspects of the systems and methods disclosed herein willbe described in relation to the 3GPP LTE and LTE-Advanced standards(Release-8 and Release-10). However, the scope of the present disclosureshould not be limited in this regard. At least some aspects of thesystems and methods disclosed herein may be utilized in other types ofwireless communication systems.

In 3GPP specifications, a wireless communication device is typicallyreferred to as a User Equipment (UE), and a base station is typicallyreferred to as a Node B or an evolved Node B (eNB). However, because thescope of the present disclosure should not be limited to the 3GPPstandards, the more general terms “wireless communication device” and“base station” will be used herein.

FIG. 1 illustrates a wireless communication system 100 in which at leastsome of the methods disclosed herein may be utilized. The system 100includes a base station 102 in wireless electronic communication with awireless communication device 104. Communication between the basestation 102 and the wireless communication device 104 may occur inaccordance with the LTE-Advanced standards. The wireless communicationdevice 104 may include multiple antennas 106 a, 106 b.

There may be several uplink physical channels that exist between thewireless communication device 104 and the base station 104. The physicalchannels may include the physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) 108, thephysical uplink control channel (PUCCH) 110 and the channel on which issent the sounding reference signal (SRS) 112.

The wireless communication device 104 may have at least two antenna portmodes 114 and several physical channels' transmission modes 116. Theantenna port modes 114 may include a single antenna port mode 114 a anda multiple antenna port mode 114 b. The transmission modes 116 mayinclude a single antenna transmission mode 116 a, a transmit diversitymode 116 b, an SU-MIMO (rank one) mode 116 c, an SU-MIMO (rank 2 orhigher) mode 116 d and an MU-MIMO mode 116 e. (SU-MIMO stands forsingle-user, multiple-input-multiple-output, and MU-MIMO stands formultiple-user, multiple-input-multiple-output)

At any given time, the wireless communication device 104 may be inexactly one antenna port mode 114 and exactly one transmission mode 116.A combination of an antenna port mode 114 and a transmission mode 116may be considered to be a transmission state.

To save battery life or take advantage of spatial resourcesappropriately, the wireless communication device 104 should be able totransition between the antenna port modes 114 and the transmission modes116. At least some aspects of the systems and methods disclosed hereinrelate to defining consistent behavior for transitioning between thesemodes 114, 116.

In order for reliable communication to occur between the wirelesscommunication device 104 and the base station 102, the base station 102should be aware of the antenna port mode 114 in which the wirelesscommunication device 104 is currently operating. If the wirelesscommunication device 104 changes its antenna port mode 114 (and thuschanges its transmission state) without signaling from the base station102 (referred to as “autonomously” changing its antenna port mode 114),the base station 102 should adjust its receiver and its schedulingcharacteristics to adapt to the change in antenna port mode 114.Furthermore, in order for the wireless communication device 104 to beable to determine whether the base station 102 has received informationabout the wireless communication device's antenna port mode 114, it maybe useful to define a consistent behavior by the base station 102 uponits determination of a change in antenna port mode 114. At least someaspects of the methods disclosed herein relate to a state transitionmechanism that minimizes explicit signaling between the base station 102and the wireless communication device 104 when the wirelesscommunication device 104 changes its transmission state.

FIG. 2 illustrates a first example of how a wireless communicationdevice 104 may transition between antenna port modes 114 andtransmission modes 116. This example may be referred to as case one 218.Each transmission mode 116 may belong to single antenna port mode 114 aand/or multiple antenna port mode 114 b. For example, the single antennatransmission mode 116 a may belong to the single antenna port mode 114 aonly. The transmit diversity mode 116 b and the SU-MIMO mode (rank one)116 c may belong to both single antenna port mode 114 a and multipleantenna port mode 114 b. The SU-MIMO mode (rank 2 or higher) 116 d maybelong to the multiple antenna port mode 114 b only.

FIG. 3 illustrates a second example of how a wireless communicationdevice 104 may transition between antenna port modes 114 andtransmission modes 116. This example may be referred to as case two 320.In case two 320, single antenna transmission mode 116 a may belong tosingle antenna port mode 114 a only. Transmit diversity mode 116 b andSU-MIMO mode (rank one) 116 c may belong to multiple antenna port mode114 b only. SU-MIMO mode (rank two or higher) 116 d may belong tomultiple antenna port mode 114 b only.

A wireless communication device 104 may autonomously transition from themultiple antenna port mode 114 b to the single antenna port mode 114 a.When this occurs, the wireless communication device 104 may implicitlynotify the base station 102 about the autonomous transition from themultiple antenna port mode 114 b to the single antenna port mode 114 a.

FIG. 4 illustrates an example showing how the wireless communicationdevice 104 may implicitly notify the base station 102 about theautonomous transition from the multiple antenna port mode 114 b to thesingle antenna port mode 114 a. When the wireless communication device104 is in the multiple antenna port mode 114 b, a multi-code 422 a, 422b SRS 112 may be sent out. When the wireless communication device 104transitions to the single antenna port mode 114 a (without any explicitsignaling to the base station 102), the wireless communication device104 may send an SRS 112 with only one code 422 a. The base station 102may infer that the wireless communication device 104 has transitioned tothe single antenna port mode 114 a by detecting that the wirelesscommunication device 104 has sent an SRS 112 with only one code 422 a.

FIG. 5 illustrates another example showing how the wirelesscommunication device 104 may implicitly notify the base station 102about the autonomous transition from the multiple antenna port mode 114b to the single antenna port mode 114 a. When the wireless communicationdevice 104 is in the multiple antenna port mode 114 b, the PUCCH 110 maybe sent out on multiple resource blocks (RBs) 524 a, 524 b. When thewireless communication device 104 transitions to the single antenna portmode 114 a (without any explicit signaling to the base station 102), thewireless communication device 104 may use only one RB 524 a to send thePUCCH 110.

The order of RB 524 priority for PUCCH 110 may be predefined. Forexample, in FIG. 5, lower frequency (or outside frequency) has a higherpriority. So lower RB 524 a (or outside RB 524 a) will be used when thewireless communication device 104 transitions to the single antenna portmode 114 a. In this case, no signaling is needed to inform the basestation 102 which RB 524 will be dropped when the wireless communicationdevice 104 transitions to the single antenna port mode 114 a.

Reference is now made to FIG. 6. The method 600 of FIG. 6 illustratesthat a wireless communication device 104 may be configured from themultiple antenna port mode 114 b to the single antenna port mode 114 avia radio resource control (RRC) signaling. More specifically, FIG. 6illustrates that a wireless communication device 104 may receive 602 RRCsignaling. In response to receiving 602 the RRC signaling, the wirelesscommunication device 104 may transition 604 to the single antenna portmode 114 a for one or more physical channels 108 (e.g., PUCCH 108, PUCCH110, SRS 112). If the wireless communication device 104 transitions tothe single antenna port mode 114 a, the wireless communication device104 may transmit the PUCCH 110 or the SRS 112 as shown in FIG. 4(b) or5(b).

The RRC signaling referred to in FIG. 6 might include the transmissionmode 116 for the PUSCH 108. An example will be described assuming thatthe wireless communication device 104 is configured according to casetwo 320 in FIG. 3 (in which the transmit diversity mode 116 b, theSU-MIMO mode (rank one) 116 c and the SU-MIMO mode (rank two) 116 dbelong to the multiple antenna port mode 114 b, and the single antennatransmission mode 116 a belongs to the single antenna port mode 114 a).When a wireless communication device 104 receives a PUSCH transmissionmode RRC signal that indicates the transition to the single antennatransmission mode 116 a during transmit diversity mode 116 b, SU-MIMOmode (rank one) 116 c or SU-MIMO mode (rank two) 116 d, the wirelesscommunication device 104 may transition from the multiple antenna portmode 114 b to the single antenna port mode 114 a for one or morephysical channels.

Alternatively, the RRC signaling referred to in FIG. 6 might include theantenna port mode 114. When a wireless communication device 104 receivesan indication that the antenna port mode 114 should be the singleantenna port mode 114 a, the wireless communication device 104 maytransition to the single antenna port mode 114 a for one or morephysical channels.

Reference is now made to FIG. 7. The method 700 of FIG. 7 illustratesthat a wireless communication device 104 may be configured from thesingle antenna port mode 114 a to the multiple antenna port mode 114 bvia RRC signaling. More specifically, FIG. 7 illustrates that a wirelesscommunication device 104 may receive 702 RRC signaling. In response toreceiving 702 the RRC signaling, the wireless communication device 104may transition 704 to the multiple antenna port mode 114 b for one ormore physical channels 108 (e.g., PUSCH 108, PUCCH 110, SRS 112). If thewireless communication device 104 transitions to the multiple antennaport mode 114 b, the wireless communication device 104 may transmit thePUCCH 110 or the SRS 112 as shown in FIG. 4(a) or 5(a).

The RRC signaling referred to in FIG. 7 might include the transmissionmode 116 for the PUSCH 108. An example will be described assuming thatthe wireless communication device 104 is configured according to casetwo 320 in FIG. 3. When a wireless communication device 104 receives aPUSCH transmission mode RRC signal that indicates the transition fromthe single antenna transmission mode 116 a to the transmit diversitymode 116 b, the SU-MIMO mode (rank one) 116 c or the SU-MIMO mode (ranktwo) 116 d, the wireless communication device 104 may transition fromthe single antenna port mode 114 a to the multiple antenna port mode 114b for one or more physical channels (e.g., PUSCH 108, PUCCH 110, SRS112).

Alternatively, the RRC signaling referred to in FIG. 7 might include theantenna port mode 114. When a wireless communication device 104 receivesan indication that the antenna port mode 114 should be the multipleantenna port mode 114 b, the wireless communication device 104 maytransition to the multiple antenna port mode 114 b for one or morephysical channels (e.g., PUSCH 108, PUCCH 110, SRS 112).

Reference is now made to FIG. 8. The method 800 of FIG. 8 illustratesthat a wireless communication device 104 may attempt to return to singleantenna port mode 114 a, after a defined time period (which is shown asT in FIG. 8). The time period may be known to both the wirelesscommunication device 104 and the base station 102 via either higherlayer signaling or as a class parameter for the wireless communicationdevice 104.

More specifically, when the wireless communication device 104 receives802 RRC signaling, the timer may be reset 804 and start to count. Thewireless communication device 104 may transition 806 to the multipleantenna port mode 114 b for one or more physical channels. When thewireless communication device 104 determines 808 that the timer hasexceeded the defined time period (T), then the wireless communicationdevice 104 autonomously returns 810 to the single antenna port mode 114a.

Reference is now made to FIG. 9. The method 900 of FIG. 9 illustrateshow the wireless communication device 104 may stop the autonomoustransition to the single antenna port mode 114 a under certaincircumstances. If the pattern of cycling between the base station's 102instruction to transition to the multiple antenna port mode 114 b andthe wireless communication device 104 autonomously transitioning to thesingle antenna port mode 114 a happens a certain number of times (whichmay be defined as a system parameter) during a certain time (which isshown as P in FIG. 9), then the wireless communication device 104 maycease to autonomously transition to the single antenna port mode 114 a.The wireless communication device 104 may restart the autonomoustransition to the single antenna port mode 114 a after a certain time(which is shown as Q in FIG. 9).

More specifically, the wireless communication device 104 may determine902 whether RRC signaling has been received. If it has, then thewireless communication device 104 may transition 904 to the multipleantenna port mode 114 b for one or more physical channels. In addition,the wireless communication device 104 may create 906 a time stamp “T1”.The wireless communication device 104 may then determine 908 whether N(which represents the number of times that the wireless communicationdevice 104 has autonomously transitioned to the single antenna port mode114 a) exceeds a defined limit, which is shown as “certain number oftimes” in FIG. 9. If not, the wireless communication device 104 mayautonomously return 910 to the single antenna port mode 114 a. Inaddition, the wireless communication device 104 may determine 914whether T2−T1<P (where P represents a defined time period, as describedabove). If not, then the value of N may be reset 916, and the method 900may return to step 902 and continue as described above.

If in step 908 it is determined that N does exceed the defined limit,then the method may return to step 902 (without returning 910 to thesingle antenna port mode 114 a) and continue as described above. If instep 914 it is determined that T2−T1 is less than P, then the method 900may return to step 902 (without resetting 914 N) and continue asdescribed above. If in step 902 it is determined that RRC signaling hasnot been received, then the wireless communication device 104 may create918 a time stamp “T3”. The value of N may be reset 920 if T3−T1>Q (whereQ represents a defined time period, as described above). The method 900may then proceed to step 908, and continue as described above.

The base station 102 may detect the wireless communication device's 104autonomous transition from the multiple antenna port mode 114 b to thesingle antenna port mode 114 a. For example, suppose that the basestation 102 allocates multiple (e.g., two or four) codes 422 for thewireless communication device 104 in the multiple antenna port mode 114b. If the base station 102 detects that the SRS 112 was sent out on onlyone code 422 a (as shown in FIG. 4(b)) even though the information atthe base station 102 indicates that the wireless communication device104 is in multiple antenna port mode 114 b, the base station 102 mayconsider that the wireless communication device 104 has autonomouslytransitioned from the multiple antenna port mode 114 b to the singleantenna port mode 114 a.

As another example, suppose that the base station 102 allocates multiple(e.g., two) RBs 524 for the wireless communication device 104 in themultiple antenna port mode 114 b. If the base station 102 detects thatthe wireless communication device 104 is using only one RB 524 a forPUCCH 110 (as shown in FIG. 5(b)) even though the information at thebase station 102 indicates that the wireless communication device 104 isin multiple antenna port mode 114 b, the base station 102 may considerthat the wireless communication device 104 has autonomously transitionedfrom the multiple antenna port mode 114 b to the single antenna portmode 114 a.

Reference is now made to FIG. 10. The method 1000 of FIG. 10 illustratesthat once the base station 102 detects 1002 that a first wirelesscommunication device 104 has autonomously transitioned from the multipleantenna port mode 114 b to the single antenna port mode 114 a, the basestation 102 may change 1004 the first wireless communication device's104 status to single antenna port mode 114 a and reallocate 1006 thepart of the resources that are no longer being used by the firstwireless communication device 104 to a second wireless communicationdevice 104. For example, code #2 422 b in FIG. 4 and/or RB #2 524 b inFIG. 5 for the first wireless communication device 104 may bereallocated to the second wireless communication device 104 without anysignaling to the first wireless communication device 104.

Reference is now made to FIG. 11. The method 1100 of FIG. 11 illustratesthat once the base station 102 detects 1102 that a first wirelesscommunication device 104 has autonomously transitioned from multipleantenna port mode 114 b to single antenna port mode 114 a, the basestation 102 may change 1104 the status of the first wirelesscommunication device 104 to single antenna port mode 114 a. The basestation 102 may schedule 1106 time/frequency resources and instructmodulation and coding scheme levels assuming that single input singleoutput transmission (which implied by single antenna port mode 114 a)were to be executed by the wireless communication device 104, unless anduntil the base station 102 determines to change the wirelesscommunication device's 104 antenna port mode 114 from single 114 a tomultiple 114 b, for objectives determined by its scheduling algorithm(e.g., revenue, capacity, optimization or other such measures).

The base station 102 may configure the wireless communication device 104to transition from multiple antenna port mode 114 b to single antennaport mode 114 a via RRC signaling. The RRC signaling might include thePUSCH transmission mode. For example, referring to the method 1200 shownin FIG. 12, the base station 102 may inform 1202 a first wirelesscommunication device 104 to transition to single antenna transmissionmode 116 a by using the PUSCH transmission mode parameter in RRCsignaling. Then, the base station 102 may change 1204 the first wirelesscommunication device's 104 status to single antenna port mode 114 a andreallocate 1206 the part of resources that are no longer being used bythe first wireless communication device 104 to a second wirelesscommunication device 104.

Alternatively, referring to the method 1300 shown in FIG. 13, anexplicit antenna port mode parameter may be configured via RRCsignaling. The base station 102 may change 1302 the status of the firstwireless communication device 104 to single antenna port mode 114 a. Thebase station 102 may also configure 1304 the first wirelesscommunication device's 104 antenna port mode 114 to single antenna portmode 114 a by using an antenna port parameter via RRC signaling. Oncethe base station changes 1302 the first wireless communication device's104 status, the base station 102 may reallocate 1306 the part of theresources that are no longer being used by the first wirelesscommunication device 104 to a second wireless communication device 104.

The base station 102 may configure the wireless communication device 104to transition from single antenna port mode 114 a to multiple antennaport mode 114 b via RRC signaling. For example, assuming case two 320 asillustrated in FIG. 3, the base station 102 may inform the wirelesscommunication device 104 to transition to transmit diversity mode 116 bor SU-MIMO mode (rank one) 116 c by using a PUSCH transmission modeparameter in RRC signaling.

Referring to the method 1400 illustrated in FIG. 14, the base station102 may reallocate 1402 a second wireless communication device's 104resources to a first wireless communication device 104. For example,code #2 422 b in FIG. 4 and/or RB #2 524 b in FIG. 5 may be reallocated1402 to the first wireless communication device 104. Then, the basestation 102 may change 1404 the status of the first wirelesscommunication device 104 to multiple antenna port mode 114 b, and thebase station 102 may instruct 1406 the wireless communication device 104to transition to transmit diversity mode 116 b or SU-MIMO mode (rankone) 116 c by using a PUSCH transmission mode parameter in RRCsignaling.

Alternatively, assuming case one 218 as illustrated in FIG. 2 (wheretransmit diversity mode 116 b and SU-MIMO mode (rank one) 116 c belongto both multiple antenna port mode 114 b and single antenna port mode114 a), an explicit antenna port mode parameter may be configured viaRRC signaling. Referring to the method 1500 illustrated in FIG. 15, thebase station 102 may reallocate 1502 a second wireless communicationdevice's 104 resources to a first wireless communication device 104. Forexample, code #2 422 b in FIG. 4 and/or RB #2 524 b in FIG. 5 may bereallocated 1502 to the first wireless communication device 104. Then,the base station 102 may change 1504 the status of the first wirelesscommunication device 104 to multiple antenna port mode 114 b, and thebase station 102 may instruct 1506 the first wireless communicationdevice 104 to transition to multiple antenna port mode 114 b by usingthe antenna port mode parameter in RRC signaling.

In the cases where the wireless communication device 104 returns to asingle antenna port mode 114 a following instruction from the basestation 102 to transition to multiple antenna port mode 114 b, the basestation 102 may schedule time/frequency resources and instructmodulation and coding scheme levels assuming single input single outputtransmission were to be executed by the wireless communication device104. This may continue until the base station 102 determines to changethe wireless communication device's 104 antenna port mode 114 fromsingle 114 a to multiple 114 b, at which point the base station 102 mayre-send an RRC command to re-establish multiple antenna port mode 114 b.

Referring to the method 1600 illustrated in FIG. 16, the base station102 may reallocate 1602 resources from a second wireless communicationdevice 104 to a first wireless communication device 104. Then, the basestation 102 may change 1604 the status of the first wirelesscommunication device 104 to multiple antenna port mode 114 b, and thebase station 102 may instruct 1606 the first wireless communicationdevice 104 to transition to multiple antenna port mode 114 b by usingthe antenna port mode parameter in RRC signaling. When the wirelesscommunication device's 104 autonomous transition to single antenna portmode 114 a is detected 1608, the method 1600 may return to step 1604 andcontinue as described above.

Another aspect of the systems and methods disclosed herein relates touplink transmit power control for supporting multiple antennatransmission modes and multiple physical channels. Referring to themethod 1700 illustrated in FIG. 17, an uplink power control proceduremay include two steps. The first step is defining 1702 the totaltransmission power for each component carrier (CC). The second step isdefining 1704 how to allocate the transmission power to each antenna106. The wireless communication device 104 may perform both the firststep 1702 and the second step 1704. The base station 102 may onlyperform the first step 1702. The second step 1704—allocation oftransmission power to each antenna 106—may be different depending onwhether the wireless communication device 104 is in the single antennaport mode 114 a or the multiple antenna port mode 114 b, and it maydepend on the power amplifier (PA) configuration.

FIG. 18 illustrates the details of step one 1702 (i.e., defining thetotal transmission power for each CC). As shown in FIG. 18, step one1702 may include two sub-steps 1802, 1804. The first sub-step 1802 is todetermine the total transmission power for each CC. The second sub-step1804 is to determine whether to drop any physical channel(s). In somecases, the second sub-step 1804 may be skipped.

The details of the first sub-step 1802 depend on the physical channel.For PUSCH 108, the transmission power for each CC may be defined byequation (1):

$\begin{matrix}{{P_{PUSCH}\left( {i,k} \right)} = {\min\begin{Bmatrix}{P_{{MA}\; X},{{{10 \cdot \log_{10}}{M_{PUSCH}\left( {i,k} \right)}} +}} \\{{P_{0\_\;{PUSCH}}(k)} + {{\alpha(k)} \cdot {{PL}(k)}} +} \\{{\Delta_{TF}\left( {i,k} \right)} + {f\left( {i,k} \right)}}\end{Bmatrix}}} & (1)\end{matrix}$

Equation (1) is expressed in units of dBm. In equation (1), k is theuplink CC number, and i is the subframe number. P_(MAX) is the totalmaximum allowed power. M_(PUSCH)(i, k) is the number of, contiguous ornon-contiguous, PRBs in UL CC k. P₀ _(_) _(PUSCH)(k) is the sum ofcell-specific (P_(O) _(_) _(NOMINAL) _(_) _(PUSCH)(k)) and wirelesscommunication device-specific (P_(O) _(_) _(UE) _(_) _(PUSCH)(k))components. α(k) is the fractional TPC cell-specific parameter for UL CCk with 0≤α(k)≤1. PL(k) is the downlink path-loss estimate for downlinkCC k. The expression Δ_(TF)(i,k)=10·log₁₀(2^(K,(k)·TBS(i,k)/N) ^(RE)^((i,k))−1) where K_(s)(k)=0 or 1.25, TBS(i, k) is the TB size, andN_(RE)(i, k)=M_(PUSCH)(i, k)·N_(sc) ^(RB)·N_(symb) ^(PUSCH)(i, k). Theexpression f(i, k)=f(i−1, k)+δ_(PUSCH)(i, k) is the functionaccumulating the CL TPC command δ_(PUSCH)(i, k) during sub-frame i withf (0,k) being the first value after reset of accumulation.

For PUCCH 110, the transmission power for each CC may be defined byequation (2):

$\begin{matrix}{{P_{PUCCH}\left( {i,k} \right)} = {\min\begin{Bmatrix}{P_{{MA}\; X},{{{10 \cdot \log_{10}}{M_{PUCCH}\left( {i,k} \right)}} +}} \\{{P_{0\_\;{PUCCH}}(k)} + {{PL}(k)} +} \\{{h( \cdot )} + {\Delta_{F\;\_\;{PUCCH}}(F)} + {g\left( {i,k} \right)}}\end{Bmatrix}}} & (2)\end{matrix}$

Equation (2) is expressed in units of dBm. In equation (2), k is theuplink CC number, and i is the subframe number. M_(PUCCH)(i,k) is thenumber of orthogonal resources allocated for PUCCH in UL CC k. P₀ _(_)_(PUCCH)(k) is the sum of cell-specific (P_(O) _(_) _(NOMINAL) _(_)_(PUCCH)(k)) and wireless communication device-specific (P_(O) _(_)_(UE) _(_) _(PUCCH)(k)) components. PL(k) is the estimated path loss inUL k. The expression h(·) is a PUCCH format dependent value. Theexpression Δ_(F) _(_) _(PUCCH)(F) corresponds to PUCCH format (F),relative to format 1a. The expression g(i, k) is the functionaccumulating the CL TPC commands in CC k.

The orthogonal resources for PUCCH may mean orthogonal code andfrequency resources which are allocated for a specific wirelesscommunication device. Orthogonal codes include Zadoff-Chu sequences andorthogonal covering (e.g., Walsh code). Frequency resources meansResource Blocks, in the parlance of 3GPP LTE Release 8. Therefore, iftwo different Zadoff-Chu sequences and the same RB were allocated for awireless communication device, it may be said that two orthogonalresources are allocated for the wireless communication device. If thesame Zadoff-Chu sequence and two different RBs were allocated for awireless communication device, it may be said that two orthogonalresources are allocated for the wireless communication device.

In another example, for PUCCH 110, the transmission power for each CCmay be defined by equation (2-1):

$\begin{matrix}{{P_{PUCCH}\left( {i,k} \right)} = {\min\begin{Bmatrix}{P_{{MA}\; X},{{P_{0\_\;{PUCCH}}(k)} + {{PL}(k)} +}} \\{{h( \cdot )} + {\Delta_{F\;\_\;{PUCCH}}(F)} + {g\left( {i,k} \right)}}\end{Bmatrix}}} & \left( {2\text{-}1} \right)\end{matrix}$

Equation (2-1) is expressed in units of dBm. In equation (2), k is theuplink CC number, and i is the subframe number. P_(O) _(_) _(PUSCH)(k)is the sum of cell-specific (P_(O) _(_) _(NOMINAL) _(_) _(PUCCH)(k)) andwireless communication device-specific (P_(O) _(_) _(UE) _(_)_(PUCCH)(k)) components. PL(k) is the estimated path loss in UL k. Theexpression h(·) is a PUCCH format dependent value. The expression Δ_(F)_(_) _(PUCCH)(F) corresponds to PUCCH format (F), relative to format 1a.The expression g(i, k) is the function accumulating the CL TPC commandsin CC k.

For SRS 112, the transmission power for each CC may be defined byequation (3):

$\begin{matrix}{{P_{SRS}\left( {i,k} \right)} = {\min\begin{Bmatrix}{P_{{MA}\; X},{{P_{{SRS}\;\_\;{OFFSET}}(k)} +}} \\{{{10 \cdot \log_{10}}{M_{SRS}(k)}} + {P_{0\_\;{PUSCH}}(k)} +} \\{{{\alpha(k)} \cdot {{PL}(k)}} + {f\left( {i,k} \right)}}\end{Bmatrix}}} & (3)\end{matrix}$

Equation (3) is expressed in units of dBm. In equation (3), k is theuplink CC number, and i is the subframe number. P_(SRS) _(_)_(OFFSET)(k) is a wireless communication device-specific parameter.M_(SRS)(k) is the SRS transmission bandwidth, in PRBs, in uplink CC k.The remaining parameters are as defined for PUSCH transmission in UL CCk.

Referring to FIG. 19, the details of the second sub-step 1804 (i.e.,determining how to drop physical channel(s)) are illustrated. Theprojected transmission power and the maximum transmission power may becompared 1902. If the projected transmission power is smaller than themaximum transmission power, then the method may proceed to step two1704. Otherwise, the physical channel is dropped 1904 based on thepredefined priority. Then the method returns to comparing 1902 theprojected transmission power and the maximum transmission power.

For purposes of comparing 1902 the projected transmission power and themaximum transmission power, the definition of “projected transmissionpower” may be as follows.

$\begin{matrix}{{{Projectedtransmissionpower}\mspace{14mu}\left( {i,n_{n\; s},l} \right)} = {\sum\limits_{k}^{\;}\left\{ {{{n_{PUSCH}\left( {i,n_{n\; s},l,k} \right)} \cdot {P_{PUSCH}\left( {i,k} \right)}} + {{{n_{PUCCH}\left( {i,n_{n\; s},l,k} \right)} \cdot {P_{PUCCH}\left( {i,k} \right)}}{{n_{SRS}\left( {i,n_{n\; s},l,k} \right)} \cdot {P_{SRS}\left( {i,k} \right)}}}} \right\}}} & (4)\end{matrix}$

The maximum transmission power may be defined by the total transmissionpower. The maximum transmission power may be defined by the power classof the wireless communication device 104 (which may be constrained bygovernment regulations). For example, the maximum transmission power maybe 23 dBm, 21 dBm, 25 dBm, etc.

In equation (4), n_(PUSCH), n_(PUCCH) and n_(SRS) stand for thefollowing. The expression n_(PUSCH)(i, n_(ns), l, k)=1 if PUSCH 108 isallocated on a specific symbol (on ith subframe, n_(ns) slot, lth symboland kth component carrier). The expression n_(PUSCH)(i, n_(ns), l, k)=0if PUSCH 108 is not allocated on a specific symbol (on ith subframe,n_(ns) slot, lth symbol and kth component carrier). The expressionn_(PUSCH)(i, n_(ns), l, k)=1 if PUCCH 110 is allocated on a specificsymbol (on ith subframe, n_(ns) slot, lth symbol and kth componentcarrier). The expression n_(PUSCH)(i, n_(ns), l, k)=0 if PUCCH 110 isnot allocated on a specific symbol (on ith subframe, n_(ns) slot, lthsymbol and kth component carrier). The expression n_(PUSCH)(i, n_(ns),l, k)=1 if SRS 112 is allocated on a specific symbol (on ith subframe,n_(ns) slot, lth symbol and kth component carrier). The expressionn_(PUSCH)(i, n_(ns), l, k)=0 if SRS 112 is not allocated on a specificsymbol (on ith subframe, n_(ns) slot, lth symbol and kth componentcarrier).

The predefined order of the physical channel priority may be as follows.In general, the order could be any permutation of the physical channelsor as determined by base station scheduling and control. In one example,PUCCH low frequency>>>PUCCH high frequency>PUSCH low frequency>>PUSCHhigh frequency. In another example, PUCCH low frequency>>PUSCH lowfrequency>>PUCCH high frequency>>PUSCH high frequency In anotherexample, PUCCH low frequency>>PUCCH high frequency>SRS lowfrequency>>SRS high frequency. In another example, PUCCH lowfrequency>>>PUCCH high frequency>SRS low frequency>>SRS highfrequency>>>PUSCH low frequency>>PUSCH high frequency. In anotherexample, SRS low frequency>>PUCCH low frequency>>PUSCH lowfrequency>>SRS high frequency>>PUCCH high frequency>>PUSCH lowfrequency>>PUSCH high frequency. Based on this order, some physicalchannels may be dropped until the projected transmission power becomesless than the maximum transmission power. One example is shown in FIGS.20 and 21. FIG. 20 illustrates the transmission power allocation beforethe step of determining 1804 whether to drop physical channels isperformed. FIG. 21 illustrates the transmission power allocation afterthis step 1804 is performed.

If the uplink power control procedure described above is applied, thebase station 102 can ignore the power amplifier (PA) configuration ofthe wireless communication device 104 for purposes of power control,even though each wireless communication device 104 may have a differentPA configuration. In other words, power control can be independently ofthe PA configuration. Therefore, less signaling is required in thetransition between single antenna port mode 114 a and multiple antennaport mode 114 b. Also, since there is a common power control equationbetween single antenna port mode 114 a and multiple antenna port mode114 b, there may not be a rapid power change between them.

A wireless communication device may have both step one 1702 and step two1704 in its uplink power control procedure. The base station 102 mayhave only step one 1702 in its uplink power control procedure. The basestation 102 can ignore the PA configuration and the antenna port mode114 of the wireless communication device 104 in its uplink power controlprocedure.

In single antenna port mode 114 a, depending on the PA configuration,allocation of transmission power is different between the antennas 106a, 106 b. For example, in the two or four 23 dBm PA configuration case,single antenna port mode 114 a may use only one PA physically. In otherwords, the same transmission power as shown in FIG. 21 for one antenna106 a will be allocated. For the remaining antenna 106 b, no power willbe allocated. In the two 20 dBm PA configuration case, single antennaport mode 114 a may use two PAs physically and the allocatedtransmission power for each antenna 106 a, 106 b may be as shown in FIG.22. In the four 17 dBm PA configuration case, the single antenna portmode 114 a may use two PAs physically and the allocated transmissionpower for each antenna 106 may be as shown in FIG. 23. In multipleantenna port mode 114 b, for the two antenna 106 a, 106 b case, one-halfof the transmission power may be allocated to each antenna 106, as shownin FIG. 22. One-quarter of the transmission power may be allocated toeach antenna 106 in the four antenna 106 case, as shown in FIG. 23.

In SU-MIMO (rank one) mode 116 c, a wireless communication device 104may use only one antenna 106 physically. It may be said that an antennaturn-off vector is used. When an antenna turn-off vector is used, awireless communication device 104 is assumed to be in the single antennaport mode 114 a. In other words, the same transmission power as shown inFIG. 21 for one antenna 106 a will be allocated. For the remainingantenna 106 b, no power will be allocated.

At least some aspects of the present disclosure relate to a transmissiondiversity implementation allowing both single and multiple antennatransmission schemes. The PUSCH transmission diversity scheme mayinclude two steps: the first step is an open-loop transmission diversityscheme, and the second step is an antenna port weighting process. Theopen-loop transmission diversity scheme may be SFBC (space-frequencyblock coding), STBC (space-time block coding), FSTD (frequency selectivetransmission diversity), or CDD (cyclic delay diversity).

After the open-loop transmission diversity process, there may be anantenna port weighting process. Assuming that SC-FDMA (singlecarrier—frequency diversity multiple access) is used, there may be adiscrete Fourier transform (DFT), an inverse fast Fourier transform(IFFT), and a CP insertion process after the open-loop transmissiondiversity process and the antenna port weighting process. This is thecase for FSTD, as shown in FIG. 24, and for CDD, as shown in FIG. 26.Alternatively, there may be an IFFT and CP insertion process after theopen-loop transmission diversity process and the antenna port weightingprocess. This is the case for SFBC, as shown in FIG. 25.

FIG. 24 illustrates the open-loop transmission diversity schemeimplemented as FSTD. The FSTD open-loop transmission diversity schemeincludes a code block segmentation module 2432, a channel coding module2434, a modulator module 2436, and an antenna segmentation module 2438.The antenna segmentation module 2438 has two outputs. The first outputof the antenna segmentation module 2438 is processed by a first antennaport weighting module 2426 a, a first discrete Fourier transform (DFT)module 2440 a, a first subcarrier mapping module 2442 a, a first inversefast Fourier transform (IFFT) module 2444 a, and a first cyclic prefix(CP) insertion module 2446 a. The second output of the antennasegmentation module 2438 is processed by a second antenna port weightingmodule 2426 b, a second DFT module 2440 b, a second subcarrier mappingmodule 2442 b, a second IFFT module 2444 b, and a second CP insertionmodule 2446 b.

FIG. 25 illustrates the open-loop transmission diversity schemeimplemented as SFBC. The SFBC open-loop transmission diversity schemeincludes a quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) module 2548, an M-DFTmodule 2550, a block demultiplexing module 2552, and a space-time codingmodule 2554. The space-time coding module 2554 has two outputs. Thefirst output of the space-time coding module 2554 is processed by afirst antenna port weighting module 2526 a, a first sub-carrier mappingmodule 2542 a, a first N-IDFT (inverse discrete Fourier transform)module 2556 a, and a first CP insertion module 2546 a. The second outputof the space-time coding module 2554 is processed by a second antennaport weighting module 2526 b, a second sub-carrier mapping module 2542b, a second N-IDFT module 2556 b, and a second CP insertion module 2546b.

FIG. 26 illustrates the open-loop transmission diversity schemeimplemented as CDD. The CDD open-loop transmission diversity schemeincludes a code block segmentation module 2632, a channel coding module2634, and a modulator module 2636. The modulator module 2636 has twooutputs. The first output of the modulator module 2636 is processed by afirst antenna port weighting module 2626 a, a first DFT module 2640 a, afirst subcarrier mapping module 2642 a, a first IFFT module 2644 a, anda first CP insertion module 2646 a. The second output of the modulatormodule 2636 is processed by a cyclic delay module 2658, a second antennaport weighting module 2626 b, a second DFT module 2640 b, a secondsubcarrier mapping module 2642 b, a second IFFT module 2644 b, and asecond CP insertion module 2646 b.

As shown in FIG. 27A, an antenna port weighting process 2726 a maymultiply the input signal by x. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 27B, anantenna port weighting process 2726 b may multiply the input signal by√{square root over (1−x²)}. In either case, x may be any of thefollowing: x={1,sqrt(1/2), 0}; x={1, sqrt(1/3),sqrt(1/2), sqrt(2/3),0};or x={1, sqrt(1/6), sqrt(1/3), sqrt(1/2), sqrt(2/3), sqrt(5/6), 0}.Either of the antenna port weighting processes 2726 a, 2726 b in FIGS.27A and 27B may be utilized as the antenna port weighting modules 2426a, 2426 b, 2526 a, 2526 b, 2626 a, 2626 b in FIGS. 24-26. Antenna portweighting may be applied to both data and the demodulation referencesignal (DMRS). In the case of two uplink transmit antennas 106 a, 106 b,when x=0 or 1, this implies that it is effectively a single antenna 106transmission.

A wireless communication device 104 may be configured so that it alwaysuses two antennas 106 a, 106 b when it is in transmit diversity mode 116b. For example, in case two 320 (FIG. 3), transmit diversity mode 116 bbelongs to multiple antenna port mode 114 b only. However, a largeantenna gain imbalance may degrade transmission diversity performance.Moreover, transmit diversity mode 116 b may make battery life shorter.Hence, it may be beneficial for a wireless communication device 104 totransition from the multiple antenna port mode 114 b to the singleantenna port mode 114 a when it is in the transmit diversity mode 116 b.

At least some aspects of the systems and methods disclosed herein relateto switching between single antenna port mode 114 a and multiple antennaport mode 114 b when using transmit diversity mode 116 b. There are atleast three different mechanisms by which this can occur. First, thewireless communication device 104 can autonomously select the value of x(i.e., without any explicit or implicit signaling from the base station102 to the wireless communication device 104). Second, the base station102 may configure x via PDCCH (physical downlink control channel)signaling. Third, the wireless communication device 104 may overwritethe x value that was configured by the base station 102. Allowing theflexibility to transition between single antenna port mode 114 a andmultiple antenna port mode 114 b in transmit diversity mode 116 b mayimprove performance under a large antenna gain imbalance and may alsosave power and hence, may improve the battery performance.

The first mechanism mentioned above is that the wireless communicationdevice 104 may autonomously select the value of x during transmitdiversity mode 116 b. In other words, without any explicit or implicitsignaling from the base station 102 to the wireless communication device104, the wireless communication device 104 may change the value of x. Byapplying an antenna port weighting process 2726 on both data and DMRS,the base station 102 reception process can be made transparent of the xvalue used at the wireless communication device 104. Hence, the wirelesscommunication device 104 can autonomously select the value of x.Moreover, if there is large antenna gain imbalance between antennas 106a, 106 b, this proposed scheme may have performance gain since one canuse all transmission power on one antenna 106 a if the other antenna's106 b gain is too small. Alternatively, when the wireless communicationdevice's 104 battery level is low, one can make battery life longer byusing only one antenna 106 a, i.e., setting the value of x to 1.However, both antenna 106 gain imbalance and wireless communicationdevice 104 battery level may be known only at the wireless communicationdevice 104. So it may be beneficial for the wireless communicationdevice 104 to allow autonomous x value selection.

Based on pathloss information or the wireless communication device's 104battery level (which may be measured on the wireless communicationdevice 104 side through downlink reference signal reception), thewireless communication device 104 may select x autonomously. Forexample, when the wireless communication device 104 measures thedownlink reference signal and notices the large antenna gain imbalance(or large pathloss difference), the wireless communication device 104may set the value of x to 1 without any signaling to the base station102. As another example, when the wireless communication device 104measures the battery level and notices the battery level is low, thewireless communication device 104 may set the value of x to 1 withoutany signaling to the base station 102.

On the other hand, if the base station 102 can estimate the uplinkchannel and antenna gain imbalance (e.g., via channel estimationemploying channel reciprocity or feedback from the wirelesscommunication device 104) or the battery status at the wirelesscommunication device 104, the base station 102 can configure the valueof x to be used at the wireless communication device 104 and hence thenetwork can avoid unexpected behavior by the wireless communicationdevice 104.

The PDCCH may include the antenna port weighting bit explicitly. Forexample, if x={1,sqrt(1/2), 0}, at least two bits may be needed toindicate the x value to the wireless communication device 104. The PDCCHmay carry two bits to indicate the x value to the wireless communicationdevice 104. Another solution may be for the PDCCH to include the antennaport weighting bit implicitly. For example, an identifier for thewireless communication device 104 can be masked with implicit signalingthat stands for x indexes as shown in FIG. 28.

The base station 102 may select the value of x based on pathlossinformation that is reported from the wireless communication device 104(e.g., reference signal received power). Alternatively, the base station102 may select the value of x based on pathloss information that ismeasured on the base station 102 side through SRS reception. In eithercase, the base station 102 may configure x via PDCCH.

The wireless communication device 104 may overwrite the value of x thatwas configured by the base station 102. In the event that the wirelesscommunication device 104 overwrites the configured x value sent by thebase station 102 over the PDCCH, there may be a need for the wirelesscommunication device 104 to signal to the base station 102 the choice ofthe x value. This may be accomplished with PUSCH 108 transmission. Forexample, as shown in FIG. 29, the wireless communication device 104 maysend PUSCH 108 and PUCCH 110 a, 110 b at the same subframe, and thePUCCH 110 a may carry the x value that is used in PUSCH 108transmission. As another example, the PUSCH 108 may carry the x value3028 as control information as shown in FIG. 30. The symbol andsubcarriers that carry the x value 3028 may use a pre-defined x value3028 (for example, “x=1”), and the remaining parts may be decodedassuming the “received x value” is used for them. As another example, asshown in FIG. 31, the CRC 3030 in the PUSCH 108 may be masked by the “xvalue” 3028. In this case, the base station 102 may decode the receivedPUSCH 108 multiple times by trying multiple x values 3028 as aparameter.

If the base station 102 detects that the wireless communication device104 transitioned to single antenna port mode 114 a autonomously by anestimated “x value” via PUSCH 108 reception, the base station 102 mayconsider that the wireless communication device 104 has autonomouslytransitioned from multiple antenna port mode 114 b to single antennaport mode 114 a.

FIG. 33 illustrates various components that may be utilized in awireless communication device 3304. The wireless communication device3304 may be utilized as the wireless communication device 104 in FIG. 1.The wireless communication device 3304 includes a processor 3396 thatcontrols operation of the wireless communication device 3304. Theprocessor 3396 may also be referred to as a CPU. Memory 3388, which mayinclude both read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM) or anytype of device that may store information, provides instructions 3389 aand data 3390 a to the processor 3396. A portion of the memory 3388 mayalso include non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM). Instructions3389 b and data 3390 b may also reside in the processor 3396.Instructions 3389 b loaded into the processor 3396 may also includeinstructions 3389 a from memory 3388 that were loaded for execution bythe processor 3396. The instructions 3389 b may be executed by theprocessor 3396 to implement the methods disclosed herein.

The wireless communication device 3304 may also include a housing thatcontains a transmitter 3392 and a receiver 3393 to allow transmissionand reception of data. The transmitter 3392 and receiver 3393 may becombined into a transceiver 3397. An antenna 3398 is attached to thehousing and electrically coupled to the transceiver 3397. Additionalantennas may also be used.

The various components of the wireless communication device 3304 arecoupled together by a bus system 3391 which may include a power bus, acontrol signal bus, and a status signal bus, in addition to a data bus.However, for the sake of clarity, the various buses are illustrated inFIG. 33 as the bus system 3391. The wireless communication device 3304may also include a digital signal processor (DSP) 3394 for use inprocessing signals. The wireless communication device 3304 may alsoinclude a communications interface 3395 that provides user access to thefunctions of the communication device 3302. The wireless communicationdevice 3304 illustrated in FIG. 33 is a functional block diagram ratherthan a listing of specific components.

FIG. 34 illustrates various components that may be utilized in a basestation 3402. The base station 3402 may be utilized as the base station102 in FIG. 1. The base station 3402 may include components that aresimilar to the components discussed above in relation to the wirelesscommunication device 3304, including a processor 3406, memory 3488 thatprovides instructions 3489 a and data 3490 a to the processor 3496,instructions 3489 b and data 3490 b that may reside in the processor3496, a housing that contains a transmitter 3492 and a receiver 3493(which may be combined into a transceiver 3497), an antenna 3498electrically coupled to the transceiver 3497, a bus system 3491, a DSP3494 for use in processing signals, a communications interface 3495, andso forth.

Each of the methods disclosed herein comprises one or more steps oractions for achieving the described method. The method steps and/oractions may be interchanged with one another without departing from thescope of the claims. In other words, unless a specific order of steps oractions is required for proper operation of the method that is beingdescribed, the order and/or use of specific steps and/or actions may bemodified without departing from the scope of the claims.

It is to be understood that the claims are not limited to the preciseconfiguration and components illustrated above. Various modifications,changes and variations may be made in the arrangement, operation anddetails of the systems, methods, and apparatus described herein withoutdeparting from the scope of the claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A wireless communication device communicatingwith a base station using a plurality of component carriers, comprising:processing circuitry configured to determine physical uplink sharedchannel (PUSCH) transmission power for each component carrier andphysical uplink control channel (PUCCH) transmission power for eachcomponent carrier, wherein in a case that a first PUCCH on a firstcomponent carrier, a second PUCCH on a second component carrier, and oneor more PUSCHs are transmitted in a same subframe, and at least in acase that a sum of projected values exceeds maximum transmission powerof the wireless communication device, the PUSCH transmission power foreach component carrier is determined by scaling projected PUSCHtransmission power for each component carrier based on predefinedpriority of physical channels, wherein the sum of projected values is asum of projected transmission power for the first PUCCH, projectedtransmission power for the second PUCCH, and projected transmissionpower for the one or more PUSCHs, wherein the maximum transmission powerof the wireless communication device is defined based on a userequipment (UE) power class of the wireless communication device.
 2. Apower control method for a plurality of component carriers of a wirelesscommunication device communicating with a base station, comprising:determining physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) transmission powerfor each component carrier and physical uplink control channel (PUCCH)transmission power for each component carrier, wherein in a case that afirst PUCCH on a first component carrier, a second PUCCH on a secondcomponent carrier, and one or more PUSCHs are transmitted in a samesubframe, and at least in a case that a sum of projected values exceedsa maximum transmission power of the wireless communication device, thePUSCH transmission power for each component carrier is determined byscaling a projected PUSCH transmission power for each component carrierbased on predefined priority of physical channels, wherein the sum ofprojected values is a sum of projected transmission power for the firstPUCCH, projected transmission power for the second PUCCH, and projectedtransmission power for the one or more PUSCHs, wherein the maximumtransmission power of the wireless communication device is defined basedon a user equipment (UE) power class of the wireless communicationdevice.
 3. A base station performing an uplink power control procedurefor a plurality of component carriers for a wireless communicationdevice, comprising: processing circuitry configured to determine, forthe wireless communication device, physical uplink shared channel(PUSCH) transmission power for each component carrier and physicaluplink control channel (PUCCH) transmission power for each componentcarrier, wherein in a case that a first PUCCH on a first componentcarrier, a second PUCCH on a second component carrier, and one or morePUSCHs are transmitted in a same subframe, and at least in a case that asum of projected values exceeds maximum transmission power of thewireless communication device, for the wireless communication device,the PUSCH transmission power for each component carrier is determined byscaling projected PUSCH transmission power for each component carrierbased on predefined priority of physical channels, wherein the sum ofprojected values is a sum of projected transmission power for the firstPUCCH, projected transmission power for the second PUCCH, and projectedtransmission power for the one or more PUSCHs, wherein the maximumtransmission power of the wireless communication device is defined basedon a user equipment (UE) power class of the wireless communicationdevice.
 4. A power control method of a base station performing an uplinkpower control procedure for a plurality of component carriers for awireless communication device, comprising: determining, for the wirelesscommunication device, physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH)transmission power for each component carrier and physical uplinkcontrol channel (PUCCH) transmission power for each component carrier,wherein in a case that a first PUCCH on a first component carrier, asecond PUCCH on a second component carrier and one or more PUSCHs aretransmitted in a same subframe, and at least in a case that a sum ofprojected values exceeds maximum transmission power of the wirelesscommunication device, for the wireless communication device, the PUSCHtransmission power for each component carrier is determined by scalingprojected PUSCH transmission power for each component carrier based onpredefined priority of physical channels, wherein the sum of projectedvalues is a sum of projected transmission power for the first PUCCH,projected transmission power for the second PUCCH, and projectedtransmission power for the one or more PUSCHs, wherein the maximumtransmission power of the wireless communication device is defined basedon a user equipment (UE) power class of the wireless communicationdevice.